Latest Estimates of Global Fossil Fuel Resources and Reserves, as of January 2013

Table 1. Summary

Fossil fuel	Unit	2011 production	Reserves	Reserves-to- production ratio (years)	Recoverable resources
Crude oil	million barrels	31,875	1,642,354	52	3,356,964
Wet natural gas	trillion cubic feet	124	6,839	55	22,882
Coal	million tonnes	7,710	1,037,552	135	22,308,986
Hard coal		6,640	754,595	114	17,873,677
Lignite		1,070	282,957	264	4,435,309
Sources: Andruleit et al. (2012); U.S. EIA (2013)
Fossil fuel	Unit	2011 production	Reserves	R/P (years)	Resources
Crude oil	million toe	4,348	224,017	52	457,890
Wet natural gas	million toe	3,160	174,293	55	583,152
Coal	million toe	4,784	597,382	125	13,394,221
Hard coal		4,427	503,063	114	11,915,785
Lignite		357	94,319	264	1,478,436
Total	million toe	12,291	995,692	81	14,435,262

Conversion factors (BP, 2013):
        toe = tonnes oil equivalent
        1 barrel = 0.1364 toe
        1 tcf = 25.4851650054429 mtoe
        1.5 tonnes of hard coal = 1 toe
        3 tonnes of lignite = 1 toe

Table 2. Crude oil
Unit: million barrels

Region totals and selected countries (1)	2011 oil production (2)	January 1, 2013 estimated proved oil reserves (3)	2013 EIA/ARI unproved shale oil technically recoverable resources (TRR)	2012 USGS conventional unproved oil TRR, including reserve growth (4)	Total technically recoverable crude oil resources
Europe	1,537	11,748	12,900	14,638	39,286
Bulgaria	1	15	200
Denmark	83	805	0
France	28	85	4,700
Germany	51	254	700
Netherlands	21	244	2,900
Norway	733	5,366	0
Poland	10	157	3,300
Romania	38	600	300
Spain	10	150	100
Sweden	4	-	0
United Kingdom	426	3,122	700
Former Soviet Union	4,866	118,886	77,200	114,481	310,567
Lithuania	3	12	300
Russia (5)	3,737	80,000	75,800
Ukraine	29	395	1,100
North America	6,093	208,550	80,000	305,546	594,096
Canada	1,313	173,105	8,800
Mexico	1,080	10,264	13,100
United States (6)	3,699	25,181	58,100	139,311	222,592
Asia and Pacific	2,866	41,422	61,000	64,362	166,784
Australia	192	1,433	17,500
China	1,587	25,585	32,200
Indonesia	371	4,030	7,900
Mongolia	3	-	3,400
Thailand	152	453	0
South Asia	396	5,802	12,900	8,211	26,913
India	361	5,476	3,800
Pakistan	23	248	9,100
Middle East and North Africa	10,986	867,463	42,900	463,407	1,373,770
Algeria	680	12,200	5,700
Egypt	265	4,400	4,600
Jordan	-	1	100
Libya	183	48,010	26,100
Morocco	2	1	0
Tunisia	26	425	1,500
Turkey	21	270	4,700
Western Sahara	-	-	200
Sub-Saharan Africa	2,264	62,553	100	140,731	203,384
Mauritania	3	20	100
South Africa	66	15	0
South America & Caribbean	2,868	325,930	59,700	258,234	643,864
Argentina	279	2,805	27,000
Bolivia	18	210	600
Brazil	980	13,154	5,300
Chile	7	150	2,300
Colombia	343	2,200	6,800
Paraguay	1	-	3,700
Uruguay	0	-	600
Venezuela	909	297,570	13,400
Subtotal of above countries (7)	17,737	718,411	345,000	NA	NA
Subtotal, excluding the United States (7)	14,038	693,230	286,900	NA	NA
Total World (7,8)	31,875	1,642,354	345,000	1,369,610	3,356,964

Source: U.S. EIA (2013)
Notes:
1 Regions totals include additional countries not specifically included in this table. Regions based on USGS regions http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3042/fs2012-3042.pdf and Figure 2.
2 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics, as of April 3, 2013.
3 Oil & Gas Journal, Worldwide Report, December 3, 2012.
4 Sources: U.S. Geological Survey, An Estimate of Undiscovered Conventional Oil and Gas Resources of the World, 2012, Fact Sheet 2012-3028, March 2012; U.S. Geological Survey, Assessment of Potential Additions to Conventional Oil and Gas Resources of the World (Outside the United States) from Reserve Growth, 2012, Fact Sheet 2012-3052, April 2012.
5 Includes the Kaliningrad shale oil resource estimate of 1.2 billion barrels.
6 Represents unproved U.S. tight oil resources as reported in the U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2013 Assumptions report, Tables 9.1 through 9.5.
7 Totals might not equal the sum of the components due to independent rounding.
8 Total of regions.
"-" indicates zero, "0" indicates a nonzero value

Table 3. Wet natural gas
Unit: trillion cubic feet

Region totals and selected countries (1)	2011 natural gas production (2)	January 1, 2013 estimated proved natural gas reserves (3)	2013 EIA/ARI unproved wet shale gas technically recoverable resources (TRR)	2012 USGS conventional unproved wet natural gas TRR, including reserve growth (4)	Total technically recoverable wet natural gas resources
Europe	10	145	470	184	799
Bulgaria	0	0	17
Denmark	0	2	32
France	0	0	137
Germany	0	4	17
Netherlands	3	43	26
Norway	4	73	0
Poland	0	3	148
Romania	0	4	51
Spain	0	0	8
Sweden	-	-	10
United Kingdom	2	9	26
Former Soviet Union	30	2,178	415	2,145	4,738
Lithuania	-	-	0
Russia (5)	24	1,688	287
Ukraine	1	39	128
North America	32	403	1,685	2,223	4,312
Canada	6	68	573
Mexico	2	17	545
United States (6)	24	318	567	1,546	2,431
Asia and Pacific	13	418	1,607	858	2,883
Australia	2	43	437
China	4	124	1,115
Indonesia	3	108	46
Mongolia	-	-	4
Thailand	1	10	5
South Asia	4	86	201	183	470
India	2	44	96
Pakistan	1	24	105
Middle East and North Africa	26	3,117	1,003	1,651	5,772
Algeria	3	159	707
Egypt	2	77	100
Jordan	0	0	7
Libya	0	55	122
Morocco	0	0	12
Tunisia	0	2	23
Turkey	0	0	24
Western Sahara	-	-	8
Sub-Saharan Africa	2	222	390	831	1,443
Mauritania	-	1	0
South Africa	0	-	390
South America & Caribbean	6	269	1,430	766	2,465
Argentina	2	12	802
Bolivia	1	10	36
Brazil	1	14	245
Chile	0	3	48
Colombia	0	6	55
Paraguay	-	-	75
Uruguay	-	-	2
Venezuela	1	195	167
Subtotal of above countries (7)	89	3,157	7,201	NA	NA
Subtotal, excluding the United States (7)	65	2,840	6,634	NA	NA
Total World (7, 8)	124	6,839	7,201	8,842	22,882

Source: U.S. EIA (2013)
Notes:
1 Regions totals include additional countries not specifically included in this table. Regions based on USGS regions http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3042/fs2012-3042.pdf and Figure 2.
2 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics, as of April 3, 2013.
3 Oil & Gas Journal, Worldwide Report, December 3, 2012.
4 Sources: U.S. Geological Survey, An Estimate of Undiscovered Conventional Oil and Gas Resources of the World, 2012, Fact Sheet 2012-3028, March 2012; U.S. Geological Survey, Assessment of Potential Additions to Conventional Oil and Gas Resources of the World (Outside the United States) from Reserve Growth, 2012, Fact Sheet 2012-3052, April 2012.
5 Includes the Kaliningrad shale gas resource estimate of 2 trillion cubic feet.
6 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2013 Assumptions report, Tables 9.1 through 9.5.; wet natural gas volumes were determined by multiplying the AEO2013 dry unproved natural gas resource estimate by 1.045 so as to include NGPL.
7 Totals might not equal the sum of the components due to independent rounding.
8 Total of regions.
"-" indicates zero, "0" indicates a nonzero value

Table 4. Hard coal
Unit: Mt

Country / Region	2011 production	Reserves	Resources	Remaining potential
Europe	135.1	20,048	472,675	492,723
Belgium	‒	‒	4,100	4,100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	‒	827	1,309	2,136
Bulgaria	2.3	192	3,920	4,112
Czech Republic	11.0	1,139	15,410	16,550
France	0.1	‒	160	160
Germany	13.0	48	82,961	83,009
Hungary	‒	276	5,075	5,351
Ireland	‒	14	26	40
Italy	0.1	10	600	610
Montenegro	‒	142	195	337
Netherlands	‒	497	2,750	3,247
Norway	1.6	15	37	52
Poland	76.5	14,711	162,317	177,028
Portugal	‒	3	n.s.	3
Romania	2.6	11	2,435	2,446
Serbia	0.1	402	453	855
Slovakia	‒	‒	19	19
Slovenia	‒	56	39	95
Spain	6.6	868	3,363	4,231
Sweden	‒	1	4	5
Turkey	2.6	386	802	1,188
United Kingdom	18.6	450	186,700	187,150
CIS	443.5	121,308	2,842,245	2,963,552
Armenia	‒	163	154	317
Georgia	< 0.05	201	700	901
Kazakhstan	102.9	17,242	125,890	143,132
Kyrgyzstan	0.1	971	27,528	28,499
Russian Federation	258.5	68,944	2,624,612	2,693,556
Tajikistan	0.2	375	3,700	4,075
Turkmenistan	‒	‒	800	800
Ukraine	81.9	32,039	49,006	81,045
Uzbekistan	0.1	1,375	9,854	11,229
Africa	259.3	36,239	81,566	117,805
Algeria	‒	59	164	223
Botswana	1.2	40	21,200	21,240
Congo, Democratic Republic	0.1	88	900	988
Egypt	< 0.05	16	166	182
Madagascar	‒	‒	150	150
Malawi	0.1	2	800	802
Morocco	‒	14	82	96
Mozambique	1.4	849	23,338	24,187
Namibia	‒	‒	350	350
Niger	0.2	‒	90	90
Nigeria	< 0.05	292	2,065	2,357
South Africa	253.1	33,896	n.s.	33,896
Swaziland	0.1	144	4,500	4,644
Tanzania, United Republic	< 0.05	269	1,141	1,410
Uganda	‒	‒	800	800
Zambia	< 0.05	69	820	889
Zimbabwe	3.0	502	25,000	25,502
Middle East	1.5	1,203	40,000	41,203
Iran, Islamic Republic	1.5	1,203	40,000	41,203
Afghanistan	0.5	66	n.s.	66
Austral-Asia	4,714.6	336,154	6,862,259	7,198,413
Australia	345.2	57,538	1,521,732	1,579,270
Bangladesh	0.9	293	2,967	3,260
Bhutan	0.1	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
China	3,383.7	180,600	5,010,000	5,190,600
India	539.9	77,197	175,352	252,549
Indonesia	324.9	13,512	73,299	86,811
Japan	0.9	340	13,543	13,883
Korea, Democratic People's Republic
(North)	24.0	600	10,000	10,600
Korea, Republic (South)	2.1	326	1,360	1,686
Laos, People's Democratic Republic	< 0.05	4	58	62
Malaysia	2.9	141	1,068	1,209
Mongolia	27.0	1,170	39,854	41,024
Myanmar	1.1	3	248	252
Nepal	< 0.05	1	7	8
New Caledonia	‒	2	n.s.	2
New Zealand	4.6	825	2,350	3,175
Pakistan	3.2	207	5,789	5,996
Philippines	7.6	211	1,012	1,223
Taiwan	‒	1	101	102
Viet Nam	45.8	3,116	3,519	6,635
North America	996.1	230,701	6,643,846	6,874,547
Canada	57.4	4,346	183,260	187,606
Greenland	‒	183	200	383
Mexico	13.7	1,160	3,000	4,160
United States	925.0	225,012	6,457,386	6,682,398
Latin America	90.3	8,943	26,491	35,434
Argentina	0.2	500	300	800
Bolivia	‒	1	n.s.	1
Brazil	‒	1,547	4,665	6,212
Chile	0.1	1,181	4,135	5,316
Colombia	85.8	4,881	9,928	14,809
Costa Rica	‒	‒	17	17
Peru	0.1	102	1,465	1,567
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic	4.1	731	5,981	6,712
World	6,640.4	754,595	17,119,082	17,873,677

Source: Andruleit et al. (2012)
Notes:
n.s.: not specified
–: no production, reserves or resources

Table 5. Lignite
Unit: Mt

Region	2011 production	Reserves	Resources	Remaining potential
Europe	563.0	69,350	326,228	395,578
Albania	< 0.05	522	205	727
Austria	–	–	333	333
Bosnia and Herzegovina	7.1	1,272	1,801	3,073
Bulgaria	34.5	2,174	2,400	4,574
Croatia	–	n.s.	300	300
Czech Republic	46.8	2,683	7,204	9,887
France	–	n.s.	114	114
Germany	176.5	40,500	36,500	77,000
Greece	58.8	2,876	3,554	6,430
Hungary	9.5	2,633	2,704	5,337
Italy	–	7	22	29
Kosovo	8.2	1,564	9,262	10,826
Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic	6.7	332	300	632
Montenegro	1.9	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
Poland	62.9	4,514	226,832	231,346
Portugal	–	33	33	66
Romania	32.9	280	9,640	9,920
Serbia	40.3	7,112	13,074	20,186
Slovakia	2.4	138	934	1,072
Slovenia	4.5	315	341	656
Spain	–	319	n.s.	319
Turkey	70.0	2,076	9,676	11,752
United Kingdom	–	–	1,000	1,000
CIS	91.0	93,520	1,278,553	1,372,073
Belarus	–	–	1,500	1,500
Kazakhstan	8.4	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
Kyrgyzstan	0.8	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
Russian Federation	77.6	91,184	1,271,672	1,362,856
Tajikistan	0.1	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
Ukraine	0.2	2,336	5,381	7,717
Uzbekistan	3.8	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
Africa	–	72	402	474
Central African Republic	–	3	n.s.	3
Madagascar	–	–	37	37
Mali	–	–	3	3
Morocco	–	–	40	40
Niger	-	6	n.s.	6
Nigeria	-	63	320	383
Sierra Leone	–	–	2	2
Austral-Asia	332.4	81,986	1,041,184	1,123,170
Australia	65.7	44,219	175,536	219,755
Bangladesh	–	–	3	3
China	136.3	11,000	307,000	318,000
India	43.1	4,847	35,782	40,629
Indonesia	51.3	9,002	19,021	28,023
Japan	–	10	1,026	1,036
Korea, Democratic People's Republic (North)	7.6	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
Laos, People's Democratic Republic	0.6	499	22	521
Malaysia	–	39	412	451
Mongolia	6.0	1,350	119,426	120,776
Myanmar	0.2	3	2	5
New Zealand	0.3	6,750	4,600	11,350
Pakistan	–	2,857	176,739	179,596
Philippines	–	105	912	1,017
Thailand	21.3	1,063	826	1,889
Viet Nam	–	244	199,876	200,120
North America	77.4	32,956	1,485,867	1,518,823
Canada	9.7	2,236	118,270	120,506
Mexico	–	51	n.s.	51
United States	67.7	30,669	1,367,597	1,398,266
Latin America	6.0	5,073	20,118	25,191
Argentina	–	–	7,300	7,300
Brazil	5.4	5,049	12,587	17,636
Chile	0.5	n.s.	7	7
Dominican Republic	–	–	84	84
Ecuador	–	24	n.s.	24
Haiti	–	–	40	40
Peru	–	–	100	100
World	1,069.8	282,957	4,152,351	4,435,309

Source: Andruleit et al. (2012)
Notes:
n.s.: not specified
–: no production, reserves or resources


References:

Andruleit, H., Babies, H. G., Bahr, A., Kus, J., Meßner, J., & Schauer, M. (2012). Energy Study 2012: Reserves, Resources and Availability of Energy Resources. Berlin, Germany: Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR; Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources). [Full-text at http://j.mp/BGR_2012]

BP. (2013). BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2013. London, UK: BP, plc. [Full-text at http://bp.com/statisticalreview]

U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2013). Technically Recoverable Shale Oil and Shale Gas Resources: An Assessment of 137 Shale Formations in 41 Countries Outside the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Energy Information Administration. [Full-text at http://j.mp/Gas_Oil]